Baselines

Baseline Name Target Optimization Scenario Type Paper Year
Random_search
PSO Single-Objective Optimization BBO Particle swarm optimization 1995
DE Single-Objective Optimization BBO Differential Evolution – A Simple and Efficient Heuristic for Global Optimization over Continuous Spaces 1997
CMAES Single-Objective Optimization BBO Completely Derandomized Self-Adaptation in Evolution Strategies 2001
SHADE Single-Objective Optimization BBO Success-history based parameter adaptation for differential evolution 2013
GLPSO Single-Objective Optimization BBO Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization 2015
SDMSPSO Single-Objective Optimization BBO A Self-adaptive Dynamic Particle Swarm Optimizer 2015
SAHLPSO Single-Objective Optimization BBO Self-Adaptive two roles hybrid learning strategies-based particle swarm optimization 2021
JDE21 Single-Objective Optimization BBO Self-adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm with Population Size Reduction for Single Objective Bound-Constrained Optimization: Algorithm j21 2021
MADDE Single-Objective Optimization BBO Improving Differential Evolution through Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimization 2021
NLSHADELBC Single-Objective Optimization BBO NL-SHADE-LBC algorithm with linear parameter adaptation bias change for CEC 2022 Numerical Optimization 2022
MOEAD Multi-Objective Optimization BBO MOEA/D: A Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition 2007
MFEA Multi-Task Optimization BBO Multifactorial Evolution: Toward Evolutionary Multitasking 2016
RNNOPT Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Learning to learn without gradient descent by gradient descent 2017
QLPSO Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO A reinforcement learning-based communication topology in particle swarm optimization 2019
DEDDQN Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Deep reinforcement learning based parameter control in differential evolution 2019
DEDQN Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Differential evolution with mixed mutation strategy based on deep reinforcement learning 2021
LDE Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Learning Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm From Optimization Experiences by Policy Gradient 2021
RLPSO Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Employing reinforcement learning to enhance particle swarm optimization methods 2021
RLEPSO Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO RLEPSO:Reinforcement learning based Ensemble particle swarm optimizer 2022
RLHPSDE Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Differential evolution with hybrid parameters and mutation strategies based on reinforcement learning 2022
NRLPSO Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Reinforcement learning-based particle swarm optimization with neighborhood differential mutation strategy 2023
OPRO Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Large Language Models as Optimizers 2024
RLDAS Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Algorithm Selection: A Proof-of-Principle Study on Differential Evolution 2024
SYMBOL Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO SYMBOL: Generating Flexible Black-Box Optimizers through Symbolic Equation Learning 2024
GLEET Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Auto-configuring Exploration-Exploitation Tradeoff in Evolutionary Computation via Deep Reinforcement Learning 2024
RLDEAFL Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Reinforcement Learning-based Self-adaptive Differential Evolution through Automated Landscape Feature Learning 2025
Surr_RLDE Single-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Surrogate Learning in Meta-Black-Box Optimization: A Preliminary Study 2025
MADAC Multi-Objective Optimization MetaBBO Multi-agent Dynamic Algorithm Configuration 2022
LGA Large Scale Global Optimization MetaBBO Discovering Attention-Based Genetic Algorithms via Meta-Black-Box Optimization 2023
LES Large Scale Global Optimization MetaBBO Discovering evolution strategies via meta-black-box optimization 2023
GLHF Large Scale Global Optimization MetaBBO Pretrained Optimization Model for Zero-Shot Black Box Optimization 2024
B2OPT Large Scale Global Optimization MetaBBO B2Opt: Learning to Optimize Black-box Optimization with Little Budget 2025
PSORLNS Multi-Modal Optimization MetaBBO A reinforcement learning-based neighborhood search operator for multi-modal optimization and its applications 2024
RLEMMO Multi-Modal Optimization MetaBBO RLEMMO: Evolutionary Multimodal Optimization Assisted By Deep Reinforcement Learning 2024
L2T Multi-Task Optimization MetaBBO Learning to Transfer for Evolutionary Multitasking 2024